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Section XV
Base Metals and Articles of Base Metal

Notes

1.

This Section does not cover the following:

(a)

Prepared paints, inks or other products with a basis of metallic flakes or powder (headings 32.07 to 32.10, 32.12, 32.13 or 32.15);

(b)

ferro-cerium or other pyrophoric alloys (heading 36.06);

(c)

headgear or parts thereof of heading 65.06 or 65.07;

(d)

umbrella frames or other articles of heading 66.03;

(e)

goods of Chapter 71 (for example, precious metal alloys, base metal clad with precious metal, imitation jewellery);

(f)

articles of Section XVI (machinery, mechanical appliances and electrical goods);

(g)

assembled railway or tramway track (heading 86.08) or other articles of Section XVII (vehicles, ships and boats, aircraft);

(h)

instruments or apparatus of Section XVIII, including clock or watch springs;

(ij)

lead shot prepared for ammunition (heading 93.06) or other articles of Section XIX (arms and ammunition);

(k)

articles of Chapter 94 (for example, furniture, mattress supports, luminaries and lighting fittings, illuminated signs, prefabricated buildings);

(l)

articles of Chapter 95 (for example, toys, games, sports requisites);

(m)

hand sieves, buttons, pens, pencil-holders, pen nibs, monopods, bipods, tripods and similar articles or other articles of Chapter 96 (miscellaneous manufactured articles); or

(n)

articles of Chapter 97 (for example, works of art).

2.

Throughout this Schedule, the expression "parts of general use" means:

(a)

articles of headings 73.07, 73.12, 73.15, 73.17 or 73.18 and similar articles of other base metals, other than articles specially designed for use exclusively in implants in medical, surgical, dental, or veterinary sciences (heading 90.21);

(b)

springs and leaves for springs, of base metal (excluding clock or watch springs (heading 91.14)); and

(c)

articles of headings 83.01, 83.02, 83.08, 83.10 and frames and mirrors, of base metal, of heading 83.06. In Chapters 73 to 76 and 78 to 82 (but not in heading 73.15) references to parts of goods do not include references to parts of general use as defined above.

Subject to the preceding paragraph and to Note 1 to Chapter 83, the articles of Chapter 82 or 83 are excluded from Chapters 72 to 76 and 78 to 81.

3.

Throughout this Schedule, the expression "base metals" means: iron and steel, copper, nickel, aluminium, lead, zinc, tin, tungsten (wolfram), molybdenum, tantalum, magnesium, cobalt, bismuth, cadmium, titanium, zirconium antimony, manganese, beryllium, chromium, germanium, vanadium, gallium, hafnium, indium, niobium, (columbium), rhenium and thallium.

4.

Throughout this Schedule, the term "cerments" means products containing a microscopic heterogeneous combination of a metallic component and a ceramic components. The term "cermets" includes sintered metal carbides (metal carbides sintered with a metal).

5.

Classification of alloys (excluding ferro-alloys and master alloys as defined in Chapters 72 and 74):

(a)

An alloy of base metals is to be classified as an alloy of the metal which predominates by mass over each of the other metals;

(b)

An alloy composed of base metals of this Section and of elements not falling within this Section is to be treated as an alloy of base metals of this Section if the total mass of such metals equals or exceeds the total mass of the other elements present;

(c)

In this Section the term "alloys" includes sintered mixtures of metal powders, heterogeneous intimate mixtures obtained by melting (excluding cermets) and intermetallic compounds.

6.

Unless the context otherwise requires, any reference in this Schedule to a base metal includes a reference to alloys which, by virtue of Note 5 above, are to be classified as alloys of that metal.

7.

Classification of composite articles:

Except where the headings otherwise require, articles of base metal (including articles of mixed materials treated as articles of base metal under General Note A to this Schedule) containing two or more base metals are to be treated as articles of base metal predominating by mass over each of the other metals. For this purpose:

(a)

iron and steel, or different kinds of iron or steel, are regarded as one and the same metal;

(b)

an alloy is regarded as being entirely composed of that metal as an alloy of which, by virtue of Note 5, it is classified; and

(c)

a cermet of heading 81.13 is regarded as a single base metal.

8.

In this Section, the following expressions have the meanings hereby assigned to them:

(a)

WASTE AND SCRAP: Metal waste and scrap;

(i)

All metal waste and scrap.

(ii)

Metal goods definitely not usable as such because of breakage, cutting-up, wear or other reasons.

(b)

POWDERS: Products of which 90 per cent or more by mass passes through a sieve having a mesh aperture of 1 mm.

9.

For the purposes of Chapter 74 to 76 and 78 to 81, the following expression have the meanings hereby assigned to them:

(a)

Bars and Rods Rolled, extruded, drawn or forged products, not in coils, which have a uniform solid cross-section along their whole length in the shape of circles, ovals, rectangles (including squares), equilateral triangles or regular convex polygons (including flattened circles and modified rectangles, of which two opposite sides are convex arcs, the other two sides being straight, of equal length and parallel). Products with a rectangular (including square), triangular or polygonal cross-section may have corners rounded along their whole length. The thickness of such products which have a rectangular (including modified rectangular) cross-section exceeds one-tenth of the width. The expression also covers cast or sintered products, of the same forms and dimensions, which have been subsequently worked after production (otherwise than by simple trimming or de-scaling), provided that they have not thereby assumed the character of articles

Wire-bars and billets of Chapter 74 with their ends tapered or otherwise worked simply to facilitate their entry into machines for converting them into, for example, drawing stock (wire-rod) or tubes, are however to be taken to be unwrought copper of heading 74.03. This provision applies mutatis mutandis to the products of Chapter 81.

(b)

Profiles Rolled, extruded, drawn, forged or formed products, coiled or not, of a uniform cross-section along their whole length, which do not conform to any of the definitions of bars, rods, wire, plates, sheets, strip, foil, tubes or pipes. The expression also covers cast or sintered products, of the same forms, which have been subsequently worked after production (otherwise than by simple trimming or de- scaling), provided that they have not thereby assumed the character of articles or products of other headings.

(c)

Wire Rolled, extruded or drawn products, in coils, which have a uniform solid cross-section along their whole length in the shape of circles, ovals, rectangles (including squares), equilateral triangles or regular convex polygons (including "flattened circles" and modified rectangles, of which two opposite sides are convex arcs, the other two sides being straight, of equal length and parallel). Products with a rectangular (including square), triangular or polygonal cross-section may have corners rounded along their whole length. The thickness of such products which have a rectangular (including "modified rectangular") cross-section exceeds one-tenth of the width.

(d)

Plates, sheets, strip and foil Flat-surfaced products (other than the unwrought products), coiled or not, of solid rectangular (other than square) cross-section with or without rounded corners (including modified rectangles of which two opposite sides are convex arcs, the other two sides being straight, of equal length and parallel) of a uniform thickness, which are:

- of rectangular (including square) shape with a thickness not exceeding one-tenth of the width;

- of a shape other than rectangular or square, of any size, provided that they do not assume the character of articles or products of other headings.

Headings for plates, sheets, strip, and foil apply, inter alia, to plates, sheets, strip, and foil with patterns (for example, grooves, ribs, chequers, tears, buttons, lozenges) and to such products which have been perforated, corrugated, polished or coated, provided that they do not thereby assume the character of articles or products of other headings.

(e)

Tubes and pipes

Hollow products, coiled or not, which have a uniform cross-section with only one enclosed void along their whole length in the shape of circles, ovals, rectangles (including squares), equilateral triangles or regular convex polygons, and which have a uniform wall thickness. Products with a rectangular (including square), equilateral triangular or regular convex polygonal cross-section, which may have corners rounded along their whole length, are also to be considered as tubes and pipes provided the inner and outer cross-sections are concentric and have the same form and orientation. Tubes and pipes of the foregoing cross-sections may be polished, coated, bent, threaded, drilled, waisted, expanded, cone-shaped or fitted with flanges, collars or rings.

Chapter 72
Iron and Steel

Notes

1.

In this Chapter and, in the case of Notes (d), (e) and (f) throughout this Schedule, the following expressions have the meanings hereby assigned to them:

(a)

Pig iron

Iron-carbon alloys not usefully malleable, containing more than 2 per cent by mass of carbon and which may contain by mass one or more other elements within the following limits:

- not more than 10 per cent of chromium

- not more than 6 per cent of manganese

- not more than 3 per cent of phosphorus

- not more than 8 per cent of silicon

- a total of not more than 10 per cent of other elements.

(b)

Spiegeleisen

Iron-carbon alloys containing by mass more than 6 per cent but not more than 30 per cent of manganese and otherwise conforming to the specification at (a) above.

(c)

Ferro-alloys

Alloys in pigs, blocks, lumps or similar primary forms, in forms obtained by continuous casting and also in granular or powder forms, whether or not agglomerated, commonly used as an additive in the manufacture of other alloys or as de-oxidants, de-sulphurising agents or for similar uses in ferrous metallurgy and generally not usefully malleable, containing by mass 4 per cent or more of the element iron and one or more of the following:

- more than 10 per cent of chromium

- more than 30 per cent of manganese

- more than 3 per cent of phosphorus

- more than 8 per cent of silicon

- a total of more than 10 per cent of other elements, excluding carbon, subject to a maximum content of 10 per cent in the case of copper.

(d)

Steel

Ferrous materials (excluding those of heading 72.03) which (with the exception of certain types produced in the form of castings) are usefully malleable and which contain by mass 2 per cent or less of carbon. However, chromium steels may contain higher proportions of carbon.

(e)

Stainless steel

Alloy steels containing, by mass, 1,2 per cent or less of carbon and 10,5 per cent or more of chromium, with or without other elements.

(f)

Other alloy steel

Steel not complying with the definition of stainless steel and containing by mass one or more of the following elements in the proportion shown:

- 0,3 per cent or more of aluminium

- 0,0008 per cent or more of boron

- 0,3 per cent or more of chromium

- 0,3 per cent or more of cobalt

- 0,4 per cent or more of copper

- 0,4 per cent or more of lead - 1,65 per cent or more of manganese

- 0,08 per cent or more of molybdenum

- 0,3 per cent or more of nickel

- 0,06 per cent or more of niobium

- 0,6 per cent or more of silicon

- 0,05 per cent or more of titanium

- 0,3 per cent or more of tungsten (wolfram)

- 0,1 per cent or more of vanadium

- 0,05 per cent or more of zirconium

- 0,1 per cent or more of other elements (except sulphur, phosporus, carbon and nitrogen), taken separately.

(g)

Remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel

Products roughly cast in the form of ingots without feeder-heads or hot tops, or of pigs, having obvious surface faults and not complying with the chemical composition of pig iron, spiegeleisen or ferro-alloys.

(h)

Granules

Products of which less than 90 per cent by mass passes through a sieve with a mesh aperture of 1 mm and of which 90 per cent or more by mass passes through a sieve with a mesh aperture of 5 mm.

(ij)

Semi-finished products

Continuous cast products of solid section, whether or not subjected to primary hot-rolling; and

Other products of solid section, which have not been further worked than subjected to primary hot-rolling or roughly shaped by forging, including blanks for angles, shapes or sections.

These products are not presented in coils.

(k)

Flat-rolled products

Rolled products of solid rectangular (excluding square) cross-section, which do not conform to the definition at (ij) above in the form of:

- coils of successively superimposed layers, or

- straight lengths, which is of a thickness less than 4,75 mm are of a width measuring at least ten times the thickness or is of a thickness of 4,75 mm or more are of a width which exceeds 150 mm and measures at least twice the thickness.

Flat-rolled products include those with patterns in relief derived directly from rolling (for example, grooves, ribs, chequers, tears, buttons, lozenges) and those which have been perforated, corrugated or polished, provided that they do not thereby assume the character of articles or products of other headings.

Flat-rolled products of a shape (excluding rectangular or square), of any size, are to be classified as products of a width of 600 mm or more, provided that they do not assume the character of articles or products of other headings.

(l)

Bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils

Hot-rolled products in irregularly wound coils, which have a solid cross-section in the shape of circles, segments or circles, ovals, rectangles (including squares), triangles or other convex polygons (including "flattened circles" and "modified rectangles", of which two opposite sides are convex arcs, the other two sides being straight, of equal length and parallel). These products may have indentations, ribs, grooves or other deformations produced during the rolling process (reinforcing bars and rods).

(m)

Other bars and rods

Products which do not conform to any of the definitions at (ij), (k) or (I) above or to the definition of wire, which have a uniform solid cross-section along their whole length in the shape of circles, segments of circles, ovals, rectangles (including squares), triangles or other convex polygons (including "flattened circles" and "modified rectangles", of which two opposite sides are convex arcs, the other two sides being straight, of equal length and parallel).These products may - - have indentations, ribs, grooves or other deformations produced during the rolling process (reinforcing bars and rods);

- be twisted after rolling.

(n)

Angles, Shapes and Sections

Products having a uniform solid cross-section along their whole length which do not conform to any of the definitions at (ij), (k), (I) or (m) above or to the definition of wire.

Chapter 72 does not include products of heading No. 73.01 or 73.02.

(o)

Wire

Cold-formed products in coils, of any uniform solid cross-section along their whole length, which do not conform to the definition of flat-rolled products.

(p)

Hollow Drill Bars and Rods

Hollow bars and rods of any cross-section, suitable for drills, of which the greatest external dimension of the cross-section exceeds 15 mm but does not exceed 52 mm, and of which the greatest internal dimension does not exceed one half of the greatest external dimension. Hollow bars and rods of iron or steel not conforming to this definition are to be classified in heading No. 73.04.

2.

Ferrous metals clad with another ferrous metal are to be classified as products of the ferrous metal predominating by mass.

3.

Iron or steel products obtained by electrolytic deposition, by pressure casting or by sintering are to be classified, according to their form, their composition and their appearance, in the headings of this Chapter appropriate to similar hot-rolled products.

Subheading Notes

1.

In this Chapter the following expressions have the meanings hereby assigned to them:

(a)

Alloy Pig Iron:

Pig iron containing, by mass, one or more of the following elements in the specified proportions:

- more than 0,2 per cent of chromium

- more than 0,3 per cent of copper

- more than 0,3 per cent of nickel

- more than 0,1 per cent of any of the following elements: aluminium, molybdenum, titanium, tungsten (wolfram), vanadium.

(b)

Non-alloy Free-cutting Steel:

Non-alloy steel containing, by mass, one or more of the following elements in the specified proportions:

- 0,08 per cent or more of sulphur

- 0,1 per cent or more of lead

- more than 0,05 per cent of selenium

- more than 0,01 per cent of tellurium

- more than 0,05 per cent of bismuth

(c)

Silicon-electrical Steel:

Alloy steels containing by mass at least 0,6 per cent but not more than 6 per cent of silicon and not more than 0,08 per cent of carbon. They may also contain by mass not more than 1 per cent of aluminium but no other element in a proportion that would give the steel the characteristics of another alloy steel.

(d)

High Speed Steel:

Alloy steels containing, with or without other elements, at least two of the three elements molybdenum, tungsten and vanadium with a combined content by mass of 7 per cent or more, 0,6 per cent or more of carbon and 3 to 6 per cent of chromium.

(e)

Silico-manganese Steel: Alloy steels containing by mass:

- not more than 0,7 per cent of carbon;

- 0,5 per cent or more but not more than 1,9 per cent of manganese; and

- 0,6 per cent or more but not more than 2,3 per cent of silicon, but no other element in a proportion that would give the steel the characteristics of another alloy steel.

2.

For the classification of ferro-alloys in the subheadings of heading No. 72.02 the following rule should be observed:

A ferro-alloy is considered as binary and classified under the relevant subheading (if it exists) if only one of the alloy elements exceeds the minimium percentage laid down in Chapter Note 1 (c); by analogy, it is considered respectively as ternary or quaternary if two or three alloy elements exceed the minimum percentage.

For the application of this rule the unspecified "other elements" referred to in Chapter Note 1 (c) must each exceed 10 per cent by mass.

Chapter 4
Other Alloy Steel; Hollow Drill Bars and Rods, of Alloy or Non-alloy Steel
Heading CD Description Unit General EU EFTA SADC MERCOSUR AfCFTA
72.28 Other bars and rods of other alloy steel; angles, shapes and sections, of other alloy steel; hollow drill bars and rods, of alloy or non-alloy steel:
7228.10 0 - Bars and rods, of high speed steel kg 10% free free free 10% free
7228.20 5 - Bars and rods, of silico-manganese steel kg 10% free free free 10% free
7228.30 8 - Other bars and rods, not further worked than hot-rolled, hot-drawn or extruded kg 10% free free free 10% 4%
7228.40 4 - Other bars and rods, not further worked than forged kg 10% free free free 10% 4%
7228.50 9 - Other bars and rods, not further worked than cold-formed or cold- finished kg 10% free free free 10% free
7228.60 3 - Other bars and rods kg 10% free free free 10% 4%
7228.70 8 - Angles, shapes and sections kg 10% free free free 10% 4%
7228.80 2 - Hollow drill bars and rods kg 10% free free free 10% 4%

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